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    • Introductions!
      Take a moment tell us a thing or two about yourself. Where are you coming from? What is your interest in the history of Health Issues in  Domesticated Ungulates? What do you hope to get from this course?  Create your own "topic" within this forum!
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      Owen Guthrie

    • Module 1 Forum (Aug. 27 – Sept. 16)
      The meat and fat of reindeer are universally eaten. What other reindeer tissues and organs are eaten?  How would you cook them? Answer these questions and provide a recipe. Discuss with your peers.
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    • Module 2 Forum (Sept. 17 – Sept. 30)
      Why are reindeer (and other northern ungulates) successful living in one of the most hostile environments in the world? Refer to at least 10 features of systems that we covered in this module. For example hair.
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    • Module 3 Forum (Oct. 1 – Oct. 7)
      The tundra ecosystem is referred to as a "pulsed" system. The responses of microorganisms, plants, and animals to the abrupt changes in temperature, photoperiod and solar radiation occur and dissipate quickly or in "pulses." Leaves emerge, grow to maturity and senesce in a few short months. The responsiveness of the reindeer's immune system is also pulsed. Their immune system ramps up in the spring during calving and in the fall during rut, but is depressed during winter. What are the possible advantages of reindeer having a "pulsed" immune system?
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    • Module 4 Forum (Oct. 8 – Oct. 14)
      Many diseases and parasites affecting livestock in the “lower 48' are currently not found in Alaska or at least the Interior of Alaska. Please discuss what environmental factors i.e. climate, are responsible for constraining the occurrence of temperate livestock diseases in Interior Alaska. If the climate of Alaska warms significantly what temperate livestock diseases may show up in Interior Alaska?
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    • Module 5 Forum (Oct. 15 – Oct. 21)
      Assume you are a reindeer meat producer in Alaska and you wish to be classified as “organic'. Discuss how you could control parasites in a captive (fenced with pasture) herd without jeopardizing your organic status.
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    • Module 6.1 Forum (Oct. 22 – Oct. 28)
      You own a herd of reindeer, either a free range operation or a fenced herd. One of your production goals is to have a 75% recruitment rate (percentage of live calves hitting the ground surviving to one year of age). For two years in a row now your recruitment rate has hovered around 60%. Using what you have learned in the course so far what health issues (disease, parasites, husbandry) could be responsible for the drop in survival rate? What could you do as the herd manager to mitigate your identified health problems?
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    • Module 7 Reflection and Writing Forum
      Assume you are conducting a necropsy of an animal; let’s say a caribou out in the field. List and describe what a healthy organ/ structure should look like as you work your way through the organ systems of the body ie color, surface texture, size. List the organs and structures in the approximate order you would inspect them as you are conducting your necropsy.
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